Snakes: Senses and Strategies

Heat vision, shed skins and a few myths retired.

A snake has no legs, no eyelids that blink and no outer ears, yet it hunts, climbs, swims and burrows. It manages with a toolkit of senses and strategies that is easy to misunderstand. Snakes pick up scents with their tongues, some can sense body heat, and many feel vibrations coming through the ground.

This category follows nine species through nine questions: how a pit viper detects heat, why shedding skin matters, how constriction actually works, how venom evolved, why some snakes move sideways across sand, and which ones lay eggs and which give birth. We also visit islands and the open sea, and we take a few myths on directly.

Snake conservation status is reviewed regularly, so each article shows its category with the date we checked it. Nothing here is advice for handling or keeping wild snakes: the goal is to understand them from a safe distance.

Nine questions in this category

  1. Heat sensing
  2. Shedding skin
  3. Constriction
  4. Venom evolution
  5. Sidewinding
  6. Eggs or live young
  7. Island snakes
  8. Sea snakes
  9. Myths

The species in this category

Play a round with any of them in the Terrarium to unlock the full article.

IUCN LC

Boa constrictor

Boa constrictor

A boa constrictor's coils halved the blood pressure in a rat's leg artery within six seconds in a 2015 study. Here is how constriction stops…

IUCN LC

Common garter snake

Thamnophis sirtalis

The common garter snake bears live young instead of laying eggs. This article explains how a mother feeds her babies (mostly yolk, with some help…

IUCN LC

Corn snake

Pantherophis guttatus

Corn snakes shed their old skin in one piece, and the eyes go cloudy blue first. Studies of the clear eye cap and the new skin beneath explain…

IUCN LC

Cottonmouth

Agkistrodon piscivorus

Cottonmouths have a reputation for chasing people and biting on sight. A field test and several wildlife agencies describe a more defensive animal…

IUCN CR

Golden lancehead

Bothrops insularis

The golden lancehead lives wild on a single Brazilian island of about 43 hectares. Cut off from the mainland, it became a yellow, bird-eating pit…

IUCN VU

King cobra

Ophiophagus hannah

King cobra venom is a cocktail, with 16 protein families in the one animal studied closely. Genome work points to old genes copied and reworked,…

IUCN LC

Sidewinder

Crotalus cerastes

A sidewinder lifts some body sections forward while others stay planted, a gait thought to help it avoid slipping on loose sand. Lab studies show…

IUCN LC

Western diamondback rattlesnake

Crotalus atrox

Western diamondback rattlesnakes sense warmth with two pits between nostril and eye. A thin membrane heats up, a heat-sensitive channel fires, and…

IUCN LC

Yellow-bellied sea snake

Hydrophis platurus

Researchers call the yellow-bellied sea snake the only pelagic squamate reptile, drifting with currents across the Indo-Pacific. This article…